What do you think and how do you do high-quality development?

The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China made a clear judgment that China's economy has shifted from the stage of high-speed growth to the stage of high-quality development. The Central Economic Work Conference also pointed out that my country's economic development has also entered a new era. The basic feature is that my country's economy has shifted from a stage of rapid growth to a stage of high-quality development. Promoting high-quality development is the fundamental requirement for determining development ideas, formulating economic policies, and implementing macro-control at present and in the future.

At present, my country's economy as a whole continues to show a steady and positive trend, but at the same time, there are also some problems and contradictions that cannot be ignored in economic operations, and even difficulties. Only by deeply understanding the central government's judgment on shifting from high-speed growth to high-quality development and the requirements for promoting high-quality development, can we better grasp the basic conditions, development trends and policy trends of my country's economy as a whole.

　　Topic 1: How to understand the economic shift to high-quality development

To promote high-quality development, we must first deeply understand its connotation and significance, so as to build consensus and form a joint force. The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that China's economy has shifted from the stage of high-speed growth to the stage of high-quality development. This major judgment is rich in connotation and should focus on three points:

One is to emphasize the transition from high speed to high quality. This not only means that the main task of economic development in the future has shifted from speed to quality, but also means that the main theme of economic work in the future or the focus of economic work is no longer speed, but quality.

The second is to emphasize the change from growth to development. Growth and development have different meanings. This means that in the future, we should not only pay attention to the growth of quantity, but also pay more attention to the optimization of structure, not only the economic growth, but also the protection of the environment, the promotion of social civilization, and the improvement of social governance, etc., that is, more emphasis on the comprehensive development and progress of the five in one of economy, politics, society, culture and ecology.

Third, we should pay attention to distinguish between the meaning of "turn" and "turn. The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China uses "has turned" rather than "has turned", that is, it has been changing in the direction of high-quality development, but has not really achieved high-quality development, or in other words, the process of transformation has begun, but the task of transformation has not yet been completed. Therefore, the task in the future is to truly transform into high-quality development through hard work, or to truly achieve high-quality development.

From high-speed growth to high-quality development, the first is to overcome development bottlenecks, innovate development advantages, and change development momentum, so as to achieve the urgent requirements of sustained economic growth. In the past 40 years of reform and opening up, my country's economy has achieved an average annual growth rate of close to 10%, creating a miracle in human history. The reason why such a rapid growth can be achieved is mainly due to the development stage of our country and the latecomer advantages determined by this, including the advantages of low cost of production factors such as labor, land, resources, etc., the advantages of large market demand space, and resources The advantage of strong environmental carrying capacity, as well as the advantages of relatively large technological gap between China and foreign countries in the early stages of development, and the advantages of large technology introduction potential. At present, some of these advantages have been greatly weakened, and the traditional development model has come to an end. If we fail to renew our comparative advantages and recreate the driving force for development, our competitiveness will be weakened and the process of development will be hindered. The key to innovating comparative advantages and recreating the driving force of development is to optimize the economic structure and improve the quality and efficiency of development through innovation and development.

Secondly, turning to high-quality development is an urgent requirement to adapt to the changes of major social contradictions and meet the people's growing needs for a better life. For a long time, we have become more accustomed to the past formulation of the main social contradiction, that is, the contradiction between the people's growing material and cultural needs and backward social production. After nearly 40 years of reform, opening up and development, we suddenly found that, on the one hand, it is difficult to simply summarize the social production situation of our country with the word "backward"; on the other hand, the needs of our people are not only the needs of material culture, but also the needs of a good ecological environment and a harmonious social environment. Generally speaking, we have completely got rid of the shortage in the past. Now it is not a question of whether there is one or not, but a question of whether it is good or not. The task in the future is to further improve the quality of development and solve the problem of unbalanced and inadequate development, so as to better meet the people's needs for a better life in many aspects.

Third, turning to high-quality development is also an inevitable requirement for further advancing my country's modernization process and achieving modernization strategic goals. It is the great dream of the Chinese people in modern times to catch up with the trend of the world and realize the modernization of the country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. According to the actual situation of my country's development process, the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China set the time for basically achieving the goal of socialist modernization as 2035, which is 15 years earlier than the previous formulation; and the goal of 2050 is to build a prosperous, democratic, civilized, harmonious and beautiful country. Modern socialist power. Comparing the gap between my country and the countries that are currently at the forefront of modernization, the income level gap of several times is only a superficial problem. The essential gap is the gap in the level of per capita productivity, the technical level and quality level of products and services, and the ecological environment and human settlements. The gap between the environment and the level of social civilization. With the improvement of the level of these aspects, the value of our products and services will be improved, and our income level and living standard will be improved accordingly, which not only meets the people's needs for a better life, but also promotes the modernization process of our country.

　　Topic 2: To promote high-quality development, we must deal with four relationships.

The essence of the transition from the stage of rapid growth to the stage of high-quality development is the transformation of the mode of development, which involves not only the improvement of the quality of products, services, facilities, environment and other aspects, but also the guarantee and cooperation of ideas, culture, systems, policies and other measures, which can be said to be a complex system engineering. In particular, it is necessary to deal with the following important relationships.

First, it is necessary to properly handle the relationship between the development of new technologies, new products, new business type and the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, and improving quality and efficiency. There is no doubt that the development of new technologies, new industries and new business type is conducive to improving the scientific and technological content and quality level of products and services. But on the other hand, the quality improvement of traditional industries, especially the traditional manufacturing industry, is also an important aspect of the new era to high-quality development, and in a sense, it can be said to be a more important aspect. Because the traditional manufacturing industry has a wider scope and larger volume, it has a greater impact on meeting the needs of the people and the overall development of the country. At present, my country has become a big manufacturing country, but it is not yet a strong manufacturing country. In addition to the technical level, the key to the shortcomings lies in the low quality and safety standards of my country's manufacturing products. There is no sunset industry, only sunset technology, products and enterprises. The transformation and upgrading of traditional industries is not only promising, but also promising. The core problem is to promote the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries and improve their quality, efficiency and competitiveness through intelligence, refinement, greening, service and branding.

The second is to deal with the relationship between the quality improvement of manufacturing industry and the quality improvement of service industry. At present, the proportion of the added value of China's service industry in GDP has exceeded 50%, becoming the main body of the economy. However, similar to the manufacturing industry, the main problem in the service industry is that it is large in scale but the quality level needs to be improved. Take the life service industry as an example. In recent years, with the improvement of my country's development level, the demand for tourism, leisure, sightseeing, culture, sports, etc. has increased. However, due to the uneven service quality and safety standards in these areas, Problems occur frequently, which not only severely hit the confidence of domestic consumers, but also caused a large amount of consumer demand to shift abroad, and also adversely affected the international image of my country's related industries. The situation in producer services is basically similar. The overall quality of financial insurance services, telecommunications data services, accounting and auditing services is not high, which not only limits their own development, but also restricts the transformation and upgrading of other fields.

The third is to deal with the relationship between the improvement of industrial quality and the improvement of urban and rural construction quality. Urban and rural construction is not only an important part of national modernization, but also an important aspect that affects people's living standards. Since the reform and opening up, my country's achievements in urban and rural construction have been universally recognized and obvious to all, but there are also many shortcomings and areas that need to be improved. For example, in urban construction, there is a widespread problem of insufficient underground comprehensive pipe network construction and low quality. For example, the old residential area is full of ground cars, the problem of long-term disrepair is prominent, and so on. In the future, we should not only improve the standard and quality of new houses, but also focus on the transformation of these old residential areas. In addition, we should pay attention to the quality of rural construction.

The fourth is to deal with the relationship between economic and social development and environmental quality improvement. A good ecological environment and living environment are not only the basic requirements of a better life, but also an important part of modernization. After years of hard work, my country has made some progress in this area, but the shortcomings of the ecological environment and the human settlement environment are still outstanding, and they are still areas that need to be worked on in the future.

　　Topic 3: The key is to speed up the improvement of the system and policy environment.

The Central Economic Work Conference proposed that it is necessary to accelerate the formation of an indicator system, policy system, standard system, statistical system, performance evaluation, and performance appraisal that promote high-quality development, create and improve the institutional environment, and promote my country's economy to continuously achieve high-quality development. new progress.

For a long time, the party and the government have attached great importance to innovating development ideas, reforming systems and mechanisms, and changing development methods in accordance with changes in the stage of economic development and the development situation. Generally speaking, China has formed a relatively good institutional and policy environment conducive to promoting the economic shift to high-quality development, and the economic shift to high-quality development has also shown a relatively good momentum. From the perspective of further improving the institutional policy environment, the core point is to make further efforts to deal with the relationship between the government and the market, give better play to the role of the government, and make the market play a decisive role in the allocation of resources.

First, it is necessary to further transform government functions and reduce direct intervention in economic activities, especially in the direction and mode of industrial upgrading, as well as in the survival of the fittest and restructuring of industries. Turning to the stage of high-quality development, economic growth depends more on innovation, and technological progress and industrial development will face greater uncertainty. Too much direct government intervention will not only distort market signals and reduce market efficiency, but also cause new losses and accumulate new risks. The role of the government should shift more to functional social support policies, effectively improve the social security system, prevent and resolve fiscal and financial risks, and create a better social environment for the role of the market.

The second is to update and improve environmental, quality, and safety standards in a timely manner and strictly implement them in accordance with changes in actual conditions. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, environmental law enforcement has been greatly strengthened through environmental supervision and inspection, and obvious results have been achieved. In the future, it needs to be gradually normalized and legalized through reform. Implementing social regulation through environmental, quality, safety and other technical standards to protect public interests is not only the responsibility of the government, but also an effective way to form a reversing mechanism to achieve the survival of the fittest and promote industrial upgrading.

Third, we should take further measures to improve the market order and create a favorable market environment for the survival of the fittest. The fundamental driving force for enterprise innovation and quality improvement lies in high quality and good price, survival of the fittest, and the focus of the government's role should also be placed here. This includes not only implementing stricter market supervision in accordance with laws and regulations through relevant administrative agencies, but also giving full play to and making good use of market-oriented and socialized inspection and testing, certification and accreditation and other intermediary service agencies, and giving full play to their role in eliminating information asymmetry and promoting And strengthen the positive role of market competition.

Fourth, we should further improve the institutional environment for promoting innovation and development. Including the intellectual property protection system, the scientific research management system that encourages scientific research and innovation, the option equity incentive system that encourages the transformation of results, the government procurement system, and the regulatory system that encourages innovation.

Fifth, it is necessary to further deepen reforms in key areas, including the land system, state-owned enterprise reform, financial reform, and cadre system reform. Only when these reforms make substantial progress can we have a solid foundation for promoting high-quality economic development.